KAJIAN LITERATUR DAN ANALISIS KEAMANAN PROTOKOL DIFFIE HELLMAN DAN AGORITMA ELGAMAL PADA KRIPTOGRAFI KUNCI PUBLIK

Abstract

Public key cryptography is a fundamental component of modern information security systems that enables secure data communication over open networks. Two cryptographic algorithms that play a significant role in this domain are the Diffie Hellman key exchange protocol and the ElGamal encryption algorithm. The Diffie Hellman protocol allows two parties to establish a shared secret key without prior key exchange, with its security relying on the computational complexity of the discrete logarithm problem. The ElGamal algorithm is developed based on the principles of Diffie Hellman and provides an asymmetric encryption mechanism designed to ensure data confidentiality. The application of various cryptographic techniques is required to guarantee that the encryption process operates effectively and reliably.This study presents a comprehensive literature review of the Diffie Hellman protocol and the ElGamal algorithm and conducts a comparative analysis based on performance, security level, computational cost, and applicability. In addition, key characteristics of encryption algorithms such as encryption efficiency, key exchange speed, computational overhead, and resistance to quantum computing threats are discussed. This review also examines prior studies published between 2010 and 2024 to identify developments and enhancements that have been proposed for both algorithms